Finalize documentation: Simplified layout and GPLv3 License

- Added configurable background exclusion (#1f2937) with tolerance
- Implemented alpha thresholding (>= 128) to eliminate edge artifacts
- Refactored folder structure into analyses/[slug]/images, settings, and results
- Updated pattern puller to skip existing images and handle network errors
- Updated .gitignore and automated tests for path integrity

.gitignore

@@ -158,4 +158,4 @@ uv/
 .git/worktrees/
 
 # ICRA specific
-images/
+analyses/

LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,676 @@
+                    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+                       Version 3, 29 June 2007
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+PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE
+OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU
+ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+  16. Limitation of Liability.
+
+  IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
+THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING
+ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF
+THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
+YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY
+OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF
+THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+  17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
+
+  If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
+above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
+reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
+an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
+Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
+copy of the Program in return for a fee.
+
+                     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+            How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+state the absence of warranty; and each file should have at least the
+"copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+  If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
+notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    <program>  Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, your program's commands
+might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
+
+  You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
+if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
+For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+  The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
+into proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you
+may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications
+with the library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser
+General Public License instead of this License.  But first, please read
+<https://www.gnu.org/licenses/why-not-lgpl.html>.

README.md

@@ -2,13 +2,16 @@
   <img src="app/assets/logo.png" alt="ICRA" width="140"/>
   <div>
     <strong>Interactive Color Range Analyzer (ICRA)</strong><br/>
-    A fully-featured, PySide6-powered desktop application for precise color matching, image analysis, and statistics generation.
+    A professional desktop application for high-precision color matching, clustering analysis, and batch statistics generation.
   </div>
 </div>
 
 ## Features
 - **High-Performance Image Processing:** Native, vectorized NumPy operations for lightning-fast HSV conversion and color matching.
-- **Batch Folder Processing:** Load a folder of images and instantly export an aggregated `icra_stats.csv` with localized formatting (dot or comma decimals depending on your language).
+- **Automatic Background Exclusion:** Intelligently ignores background pixels (configurable in `config.toml`) to ensure they don't interfere with your analysis.
+- **Grouping Score (Clustering):** A high-performance 9x9 box-sum algorithm that rewards solid "splashes" of color and penalizes thin lines or fragmented noise.
+- **Batch Processing & Customizable Export:** Load a folder of images and instantly export `icra_stats.csv` and `icra_settings.json`. Features a dedicated **Weighting Dialog** to customize the impact of each core component.
+- **Import/Export Settings:** Save your HSV ranges, exclusion zones, and weighting preferences to a JSON file and reload them later for consistent analysis across different sessions.
 - **Eyedropper Tool:** Quickly pick target matching colors directly from the image canvas.
 - **Advanced Selection:** Support for exclusion zones (rectangles and free-draw polygons) overlaid on the image, all dynamically rendered via `QGraphicsView`.
 - **Modern UI & UX:** 
@@ -18,6 +21,37 @@
   - Keyboard shortcuts for rapid workflow.
 - **Configurable:** Uses `config.toml` to drive everything from overlay matching colors to default sliders and application language (`en`/`de`).
 
+## Core Concepts
+
+### 1. HSV Color Matching
+Instead of simple RGB, ICRA uses the **HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value)** color space. This allows for more intuitive color selection:
+- **Hue (0-360°):** The base "color" (Red, Green, Blue, etc.).
+- **Saturation (0-100%):** The intensity or "vibrancy".
+- **Value (0-100%):** The brightness.
+Matching is performed by checking if each pixel's HSV values fall within your defined ranges.
+
+### 2. Scoring Components
+The **Composite Score** is calculated weighted by your preferences:
+- **Match (Keep):** Percentage of matching pixels *after* excluding your manual shapes and background areas.
+- **Match (All):** Percentage of matching pixels across the entire image.
+- **Brightness Score:** Calculated from the average brightness of the "Keep" areas. If "Prefer Dark" is ON, lower brightness results in a higher score.
+- **Grouping Score:** Uses a 9x9 box-sum density check. Higher values indicate that matching pixels are clustered into solid blocks rather than scattered noise.
+
+### 3. Background Filtering
+To ensure accurate statistics, ICRA automatically filters out the image background (e.g., the dark grey/black backdrop in weapon screenshots). These settings are fully configurable in `config.toml`, allowing you to adjust the target color and the tolerance required for exclusion.
+
+### 4. Exclusion Zones
+Use the **Exclusion Tool** to draw rectangles or polygons over areas you want to ignore. This is essential for focusing your analysis on specific parts of a complex image while ignoring background noise or irrelevant details.
+
+## Typical Workflow
+
+1.  **Load Data:** Drag and drop a folder or use the `File` menu to load your images.
+2.  **Pick Color:** Use the Eyedropper tool to select your target color directly from the image.
+3.  **Refine HSV:** Fine-tune the Hue, Saturation, and Value sliders to perfect the mask.
+4.  **Draw Exclusions:** Add exclusion shapes to ignore parts of the image that shouldn't be counted.
+5.  **Export:** Click `Export Folder Stats`. Define your weights (e.g., prioritize the Grouping Score if you want coherent splashes) and save your results.
+6.  **Persistent Settings:** Use `File -> Export Settings` to save your configuration, or `File -> Import Settings` to restore a previous setup.
+
 ## Requirements
 - Python 3.11+
 - [uv](https://github.com/astral-sh/uv) for dependency management
@@ -42,16 +76,21 @@ uv run pytest tests/ -v
 ## Project Layout
 ```
 app/
-  assets/        # Shared branding
+  assets/        # Icons and branding
-  lang/          # Localization strings (TOML format)
+  lang/          # Translations (TOML)
-  logic/         # Configuration loading and application constants
+  qt/            # UI implementation and NumPy processing
-  qt/            # PySide6 implementation (main_window, custom UI widgets, vectorized image processing)
+tests/           # Unit tests for core analysis
-tests/           # Pytest unit tests
+config.toml      # User-facing configuration
-config.toml      # Configurable overlay colors, slider defaults
+main.py          # Entry point
-main.py          # Entry point -> PySide6 launcher
+LICENSE          # GNU GPLv3 terms
 ```
 
-## Development Notes
+## Development
-- The legacy `Tkinter` codebase has been completely removed in favor of `PySide6`. 
+- **Tests**: Run `uv run pytest tests/ -v` to verify the core logic.
-- Quick syntax check: `uv run python -m compileall app main.py`
+- **Environment**: Managed via `uv`. Run `uv sync` to ensure your environment matches the lockfile.
-- Contributions welcome!
+
+## Contributing
+Contributions are welcome! Open an issue or submit a pull request.
+
+## License
+GPLv3 License. See the LICENSE file for details.

app/lang/de.toml

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 "toolbar.toggle_theme" = "Theme umschalten"
 "toolbar.open_app_folder" = "Programmordner öffnen"
 "toolbar.prefer_dark" = "Dunkelheit bevorzugen"
+"toolbar.exclude_bg" = "Hintergrund ausblenden ({color})"
 "status.no_file" = "Keine Datei geladen."
 "status.defaults_restored" = "Standardwerte aktiv."
 "status.free_draw_enabled" = "Freihand-Ausschluss aktiviert."
@@ -39,13 +40,15 @@
 "sliders.hue_min" = "Hue Min (°)"
 "sliders.hue_max" = "Hue Max (°)"
 "sliders.sat_min" = "Sättigung Min (%)"
+"sliders.sat_max" = "Sättigung Max (%)"
 "sliders.val_min" = "Helligkeit Min (%)"
 "sliders.val_max" = "Helligkeit Max (%)"
 "sliders.alpha" = "Overlay Alpha"
 "stats.placeholder" = "Markierungen (mit Ausschlüssen): —"
-"stats.summary" = "Score: {score:.2f}%    |    Markierungen (m. Ausschl.): {with_pct:.2f}%    |    Markierungen: {without_pct:.2f}%    |    {brightness_label}: {brightness:.1f}%    |    Ausgeschlossen: {excluded_pct:.2f}%"
+"stats.summary" = "Wertung: {score:.2f}%    |    Treffer (mit Exkl.): {with_pct:.2f}%    |    Treffer: {without_pct:.2f}%    |    {brightness_label}: {brightness:.1f}%    |    Gruppierung: {grouping:.1f}%    |    Ausgeschlossen: {excluded_pct:.2f}%"
 "stats.brightness_label" = "Helligkeit"
 "stats.darkness_label" = "Dunkelheit"
+"stats.grouping_label" = "Gruppierung"
 "menu.copy" = "Kopieren"
 "dialog.info_title" = "Info"
 "dialog.error_title" = "Fehler"
@@ -81,10 +84,19 @@
 "menu.view" = "Ansicht"
 "menu.tools" = "Werkzeuge"
 
-"toolbar.pull_patterns" = "Muster-Bilder herunterladen"
+"toolbar.pull_patterns" = "Muster-Bilder laden"
-"dialog.puller_title" = "Muster-Bilder herunterladen"
+"dialog.puller_title" = "Muster-Bilder laden"
-"dialog.puller_instruction" = "CSGOSkins.gg Artikel-URL einfügen:"
+"dialog.puller_instruction" = "CSGOSkins.gg Item-URL einfügen:"
 "dialog.puller_start" = "Download starten"
 "dialog.puller_cancel" = "Abbrechen"
 "dialog.puller_invalid_url" = "Ungültiges URL-Format."
 "dialog.puller_success" = "Alle Muster erfolgreich heruntergeladen!"
+
+"dialog.weighting_title" = "Export-Gewichtung & Präferenz"
+"dialog.weighting_instruction" = "Gewichtung der Komponenten festlegen (Summe muss 100% sein):"
+"dialog.weight_match_all" = "Treffer (Alle) %"
+"dialog.weight_match_keep" = "Treffer (Behalten) %"
+"dialog.weight_brightness" = "Helligkeit/Dunkelheit %"
+"dialog.weight_grouping" = "Gruppierung %"
+"dialog.total_weight" = "Gesamt:"
+"dialog.weight_error" = "Die Summe muss genau 100% sein (aktuell {total}%)."

app/lang/en.toml

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 "toolbar.toggle_theme" = "Toggle theme"
 "toolbar.open_app_folder" = "Open application folder"
 "toolbar.prefer_dark" = "Prefer darkness"
+"toolbar.exclude_bg" = "Exclude Background ({color})"
 "status.no_file" = "No file loaded."
 "status.defaults_restored" = "Defaults restored."
 "status.free_draw_enabled" = "Free-draw exclusion mode enabled."
@@ -39,13 +40,15 @@
 "sliders.hue_min" = "Hue min (°)"
 "sliders.hue_max" = "Hue max (°)"
 "sliders.sat_min" = "Saturation min (%)"
+"sliders.sat_max" = "Saturation max (%)"
 "sliders.val_min" = "Value min (%)"
 "sliders.val_max" = "Value max (%)"
 "sliders.alpha" = "Overlay alpha"
 "stats.placeholder" = "Matches (with exclusions): —"
-"stats.summary" = "Score: {score:.2f}%    |    Matches (w/ excl.): {with_pct:.2f}%    |    Matches: {without_pct:.2f}%    |    {brightness_label}: {brightness:.1f}%    |    Excluded: {excluded_pct:.2f}%"
+"stats.summary" = "Score: {score:.2f}%    |    Matches (w/ excl.): {with_pct:.2f}%    |    Matches: {without_pct:.2f}%    |    {brightness_label}: {brightness:.1f}%    |    Grouping: {grouping:.1f}%    |    Excluded: {excluded_pct:.2f}%"
 "stats.brightness_label" = "Brightness"
 "stats.darkness_label" = "Darkness"
+"stats.grouping_label" = "Grouping"
 "menu.copy" = "Copy"
 "dialog.info_title" = "Info"
 "dialog.error_title" = "Error"
@@ -88,3 +91,12 @@
 "dialog.puller_cancel" = "Cancel"
 "dialog.puller_invalid_url" = "Invalid URL format."
 "dialog.puller_success" = "All patterns downloaded successfully!"
+
+"dialog.weighting_title" = "Export Weighting & Preference"
+"dialog.weighting_instruction" = "Set the weighting for each component (total must be 100%):"
+"dialog.weight_match_all" = "Match (All) %"
+"dialog.weight_match_keep" = "Match (Keep) %"
+"dialog.weight_brightness" = "Brightness/Darkness %"
+"dialog.weight_grouping" = "Grouping %"
+"dialog.total_weight" = "Total:"
+"dialog.weight_error" = "Weights must sum exactly to 100% (currently {total}%)."

app/logic/__init__.py

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ from .constants import (
     IMAGES_DIR,
     LANGUAGE,
     OVERLAY_COLOR,
+    EXCLUDE_BG_COLOR,
+    EXCLUDE_BG_TOLERANCE,
     PREVIEW_MAX_SIZE,
     RESET_EXCLUSIONS_ON_IMAGE_CHANGE,
     SUPPORTED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS,
@@ -17,6 +19,8 @@ __all__ = [
     "IMAGES_DIR",
     "LANGUAGE",
     "OVERLAY_COLOR",
+    "EXCLUDE_BG_COLOR",
+    "EXCLUDE_BG_TOLERANCE",
     "PREVIEW_MAX_SIZE",
     "RESET_EXCLUSIONS_ON_IMAGE_CHANGE",
     "SUPPORTED_IMAGE_EXTENSIONS",

app/logic/constants.py

@@ -94,7 +94,12 @@ def _extract_language(data: dict[str, Any]) -> str:
 
 _CONFIG_DATA = _load_config_data()
 
-_OPTION_DEFAULTS = {"reset_exclusions_on_image_change": False, "overlay_color": "#ff0000"}
+_OPTION_DEFAULTS = {
+    "reset_exclusions_on_image_change": False,
+    "overlay_color": "#ff0000",
+    "exclude_bg_color": "#1f2937",
+    "exclude_bg_tolerance": 5,
+}
 
 
 def _extract_options(data: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
@@ -108,6 +113,12 @@ def _extract_options(data: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
     color = section.get("overlay_color")
     if isinstance(color, str) and color.startswith("#") and len(color) in (7, 9):
         result["overlay_color"] = color
+    exclude_bg = section.get("exclude_bg_color")
+    if isinstance(exclude_bg, str) and exclude_bg.startswith("#") and len(exclude_bg) in (7, 9):
+        result["exclude_bg_color"] = exclude_bg
+    tolerance = section.get("exclude_bg_tolerance")
+    if isinstance(tolerance, int):
+        result["exclude_bg_tolerance"] = max(0, min(255, tolerance))
     return result
 
 
@@ -116,3 +127,5 @@ LANGUAGE = _extract_language(_CONFIG_DATA)
 OPTIONS = {**_OPTION_DEFAULTS, **_extract_options(_CONFIG_DATA)}
 RESET_EXCLUSIONS_ON_IMAGE_CHANGE = OPTIONS["reset_exclusions_on_image_change"]
 OVERLAY_COLOR = OPTIONS["overlay_color"]
+EXCLUDE_BG_COLOR = OPTIONS["exclude_bg_color"]
+EXCLUDE_BG_TOLERANCE = OPTIONS["exclude_bg_tolerance"]

app/qt/app.py

@@ -46,12 +46,14 @@ def create_application() -> QtWidgets.QApplication:
 def run() -> int:
     """Run the PySide6 GUI."""
     app = create_application()
-    from app.logic import OVERLAY_COLOR
+    from app.logic import OVERLAY_COLOR, EXCLUDE_BG_COLOR, EXCLUDE_BG_TOLERANCE
     window = MainWindow(
         language=LANGUAGE,
         defaults=DEFAULTS.copy(),
         reset_exclusions=RESET_EXCLUSIONS_ON_IMAGE_CHANGE,
         overlay_color=OVERLAY_COLOR,
+        exclude_bg_color=EXCLUDE_BG_COLOR,
+        exclude_bg_tolerance=EXCLUDE_BG_TOLERANCE,
     )
 
     # Respect saved geometry from QSettings; fall back to maximised on first launch

app/qt/image_processor.py

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ class Stats:
     matches_excl: int = 0
     total_excl: int = 0
     brightness_score: float = 0.0
+    grouping_score: float = 0.0
     prefer_dark: bool = False
 
     @property
@@ -30,27 +31,38 @@ class Stats:
         """Returns inverted brightness when prefer_dark is on."""
         return (100.0 - self.brightness_score) if self.prefer_dark else self.brightness_score
 
-    @property
+    def composite_score(self, weights: dict[str, int]) -> float:
-    def composite_score(self) -> float:
+        """Calculates weighted composite based on provided weights (0-100)."""
-        """Weighted composite: 35% match_all + 55% match_keep + 10% brightness."""
         pct_all = (self.matches_all / self.total_all * 100) if self.total_all else 0.0
         pct_keep = (self.matches_keep / self.total_keep * 100) if self.total_keep else 0.0
-        return 0.35 * pct_all + 0.55 * pct_keep + 0.10 * self.effective_brightness
         
-    def summary(self, translate) -> str:
+        # weights keys: match_all, match_keep, brightness, grouping
+        w_all = weights.get("match_all", 30) / 100.0
+        w_keep = weights.get("match_keep", 50) / 100.0
+        w_bright = weights.get("brightness", 10) / 100.0
+        w_group = weights.get("grouping", 10) / 100.0
+        
+        return (w_all * pct_all + 
+                w_keep * pct_keep + 
+                w_bright * self.effective_brightness + 
+                w_group * self.grouping_score)
+
+    def summary(self, translate, weights: dict[str, int]) -> str:
         if self.total_all == 0:
             return translate("stats.placeholder")
         with_pct = (self.matches_keep / self.total_keep * 100) if self.total_keep else 0.0
         without_pct = (self.matches_all / self.total_all * 100) if self.total_all else 0.0
         excluded_pct = (self.total_excl / self.total_all * 100) if self.total_all else 0.0
         brightness_label = translate("stats.darkness_label") if self.prefer_dark else translate("stats.brightness_label")
+        score = self.composite_score(weights)
         return translate(
             "stats.summary",
-            score=self.composite_score,
+            score=score,
             with_pct=with_pct,
             without_pct=without_pct,
             brightness_label=brightness_label,
             brightness=self.effective_brightness,
+            grouping=self.grouping_score,
             excluded_pct=excluded_pct,
         )
 
@@ -106,6 +118,7 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
             "hue_min": 0,
             "hue_max": 360,
             "sat_min": 25,
+            "sat_max": 100,
             "val_min": 15,
             "val_max": 100,
             "alpha": 120,
@@ -113,6 +126,7 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         self.hue_min = self.defaults["hue_min"]
         self.hue_max = self.defaults["hue_max"]
         self.sat_min = self.defaults["sat_min"]
+        self.sat_max = self.defaults["sat_max"]
         self.val_min = self.defaults["val_min"]
         self.val_max = self.defaults["val_max"]
         self.alpha = self.defaults["alpha"]
@@ -125,6 +139,15 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         self._cached_mask_size: Tuple[int, int] | None = None
         self.exclude_ref_size: Tuple[int, int] | None = None
         self.prefer_dark: bool = False
+        self.exclude_bg: bool = True
+        self.exclude_bg_rgb: Tuple[int, int, int] = (31, 41, 55)
+        self.exclude_bg_tolerance: int = 5
+        self.weights: Dict[str, int] = {
+            "match_all": 30,
+            "match_keep": 50,
+            "brightness": 10,
+            "grouping": 10
+        }
 
     def set_defaults(self, defaults: dict) -> None:
         for key in self.defaults:
@@ -182,13 +205,29 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         if self.orig_img is None:
             self.preview_img = None
             return
-        width, height = self.orig_img.size
+
+        img_to_process = self.orig_img.convert("RGBA")
+        if self.exclude_bg:
+            # Mask the background color with tolerance on the original image before resizing
+            # this prevents interpolation artifacts from leaving a background 'halo'
+            arr = np.array(img_to_process)
+            r_bg, g_bg, b_bg = self.exclude_bg_rgb
+            tol = self.exclude_bg_tolerance
+            bg_mask = (
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 0].astype(np.int16) - r_bg) <= tol) &
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 1].astype(np.int16) - g_bg) <= tol) &
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 2].astype(np.int16) - b_bg) <= tol)
+            )
+            arr[bg_mask, 3] = 0
+            img_to_process = Image.fromarray(arr, "RGBA")
+
+        width, height = img_to_process.size
         max_w, max_h = PREVIEW_MAX_SIZE
         scale = min(max_w / width, max_h / height)
         if scale <= 0:
             scale = 1.0
         size = (max(1, int(width * scale)), max(1, int(height * scale)))
-        self.preview_img = self.orig_img.resize(size, Image.LANCZOS)
+        self.preview_img = img_to_process.resize(size, Image.LANCZOS)
 
     def _rebuild_overlay(self) -> None:
         """Build color-match overlay using vectorized NumPy operations."""
@@ -201,7 +240,18 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         arr = np.asarray(base, dtype=np.float32)  # (H, W, 4)
 
         rgb = arr[..., :3] / 255.0
-        alpha_ch = arr[..., 3]                     # alpha channel of the image
+        alpha_ch = arr[..., 3].copy()              # alpha channel of the image
+        
+        if self.exclude_bg:
+            # Exclude specific background color
+            r_bg, g_bg, b_bg = self.exclude_bg_rgb
+            tol = self.exclude_bg_tolerance
+            bg_mask = (
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 0] - r_bg) <= tol) &
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 1] - g_bg) <= tol) &
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 2] - b_bg) <= tol)
+            )
+            alpha_ch[bg_mask] = 0
 
         hsv = _rgb_to_hsv_numpy(rgb)               # (H, W, 3): H°, S%, V%
 
@@ -219,9 +269,10 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         match_mask = (
             hue_ok
             & (sat >= float(self.sat_min))
+            & (sat <= float(self.sat_max))
             & (val >= float(self.val_min))
             & (val <= float(self.val_max))
-            & (alpha_ch > 0)
+            & (alpha_ch >= 128)
         )
 
         # Exclusion mask (same pixel space as preview)
@@ -229,8 +280,7 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
 
         keep_match = match_mask & ~excl_mask
         excl_match = match_mask & excl_mask
-        visible = alpha_ch > 0
+        visible = alpha_ch >= 128
-
         matches_all = int(match_mask[visible].sum())
         total_all   = int(visible.sum())
         matches_keep = int(keep_match[visible].sum())
@@ -242,6 +292,9 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         keep_visible = visible & ~excl_mask
         brightness = float(val[keep_visible].mean()) if keep_visible.any() else 0.0
         
+        # Grouping: measure clustering of match_mask
+        grouping = self._calculate_grouping_score(keep_match)
+
         # Build overlay image
         overlay_arr = np.zeros((base.height, base.width, 4), dtype=np.uint8)
         overlay_arr[keep_match, 0] = self.overlay_r
@@ -258,6 +311,7 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
             matches_excl=matches_excl,
             total_excl=total_excl,
             brightness_score=brightness,
+            grouping_score=grouping,
             prefer_dark=self.prefer_dark,
         )
 
@@ -267,7 +321,18 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         arr = np.asarray(base, dtype=np.float32)
 
         rgb = arr[..., :3] / 255.0
-        alpha_ch = arr[..., 3]                     
+        alpha_ch = arr[..., 3].copy()                     
+
+        if self.exclude_bg:
+            # Exclude background color with tolerance
+            r_bg, g_bg, b_bg = self.exclude_bg_rgb
+            tol = self.exclude_bg_tolerance
+            bg_mask = (
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 0] - r_bg) <= tol) &
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 1] - g_bg) <= tol) &
+                (np.abs(arr[..., 2] - b_bg) <= tol)
+            )
+            alpha_ch[bg_mask] = 0
 
         hsv = _rgb_to_hsv_numpy(rgb)               
 
@@ -285,20 +350,22 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         match_mask = (
             hue_ok
             & (sat >= float(self.sat_min))
+            & (sat <= float(self.sat_max))
             & (val >= float(self.val_min))
             & (val <= float(self.val_max))
-            & (alpha_ch > 0)
+            & (alpha_ch >= 128)
         )
 
         excl_mask = self._build_exclusion_mask_numpy(base.size)  
 
         keep_match = match_mask & ~excl_mask
         excl_match = match_mask & excl_mask
-        visible = alpha_ch > 0
 
+        visible = alpha_ch >= 128
         matches_keep_count = int(keep_match[visible].sum())
         keep_visible = visible & ~excl_mask
         brightness = float(val[keep_visible].mean()) if keep_visible.any() else 0.0
+        grouping = self._calculate_grouping_score(keep_match)
 
         return Stats(
             matches_all=int(match_mask[visible].sum()),
@@ -308,9 +375,35 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
             matches_excl=int(excl_match[visible].sum()),
             total_excl=int((visible & excl_mask).sum()),
             brightness_score=brightness,
+            grouping_score=grouping,
             prefer_dark=self.prefer_dark,
         )
 
+    def _calculate_grouping_score(self, mask: np.ndarray) -> float:
+        """Measure clustering: average density in a 9x9 neighborhood (0-100)."""
+        if not mask.any():
+            return 0.0
+        
+        h, w = mask.shape
+        # Use cumulative sums for O(1) box sum calculation
+        padded = np.pad(mask, 5, mode='constant', constant_values=0)
+        cumsum = padded.astype(np.int32).cumsum(axis=0).cumsum(axis=1)
+        
+        # Indices for 9x9 windows centered at each mask pixel
+        y2, x2 = np.arange(9, 9 + h)[:, None], np.arange(9, 9 + w)
+        y1_1, x1_1 = np.arange(0, h)[:, None], np.arange(0, w)
+        
+        # Box sum formula: S(window) = S(x2,y2) - S(x1-1,y2) - S(x2,y1-1) + S(x1-1,y1-1)
+        window_sums = cumsum[y2, x2] - cumsum[y1_1, x2] - cumsum[y2, x1_1] + cumsum[y1_1, x1_1]
+        
+        # Max neighbors in 9x9 is 80 (excluding the center pixel itself)
+        neighbors = (window_sums - mask.astype(np.int32)).clip(min=0)
+        
+        match_neighbors = neighbors[mask]
+        # Square the density to heavily penalize thin bridges and frayed edges
+        score = ( (match_neighbors / 80.0) ** 2 ).mean() * 100.0
+        return float(score)
+
     # helpers ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _matches(self, r: int, g: int, b: int) -> bool:
@@ -321,7 +414,7 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
             hue_ok = self.hue_min <= hue <= self.hue_max
         else:
             hue_ok = hue >= self.hue_min or hue <= self.hue_max
-        sat_ok = s * 100.0 >= self.sat_min
+        sat_ok = self.sat_min <= s * 100.0 <= self.sat_max
         val_ok = self.val_min <= v * 100.0 <= self.val_max
         return hue_ok and sat_ok and val_ok
 
@@ -439,3 +532,21 @@ class QtImageProcessor:
         self._cached_mask = mask
         self._cached_mask_size = size
         return mask
+
+    def set_exclude_bg_color(self, hex_code: str, tolerance: int = 5) -> None:
+        """Set the RGB channels for background exclusion from a hex string."""
+        self.exclude_bg_tolerance = tolerance
+        if not hex_code.startswith("#") or len(hex_code) not in (7, 9):
+            return
+        try:
+            r = int(hex_code[1:3], 16)
+            g = int(hex_code[3:5], 16)
+            b = int(hex_code[5:7], 16)
+            self.exclude_bg_rgb = (r, g, b)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+    @property
+    def exclude_bg_color_hex(self) -> str:
+        r, g, b = self.exclude_bg_rgb
+        return f"#{r:02x}{g:02x}{b:02x}"

app/qt/main_window.py

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ SLIDER_SPECS: List[Tuple[str, str, int, int]] = [
     ("sliders.hue_min", "hue_min", 0, 360),
     ("sliders.hue_max", "hue_max", 0, 360),
     ("sliders.sat_min", "sat_min", 0, 100),
+    ("sliders.sat_max", "sat_max", 0, 100),
     ("sliders.val_min", "val_min", 0, 100),
     ("sliders.val_max", "val_max", 0, 100),
     ("sliders.alpha", "alpha", 0, 255),
@@ -512,10 +513,88 @@ class TitleBar(QtWidgets.QWidget):
         super().mousePressEvent(event)
 
 
+class WeightingDialog(QtWidgets.QDialog):
+    """Dialog to customize weightings and preference before folder export."""
+
+    def __init__(self, parent: QtWidgets.QWidget, translate: Callable, current_weights: Dict[str, int], prefer_dark: bool):
+        super().__init__(parent)
+        self._t = translate
+        self.setWindowTitle(self._t("dialog.weighting_title"))
+        self.setFixedWidth(350)
+        
+        layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self)
+        layout.setSpacing(12)
+        
+        instruction = QtWidgets.QLabel(self._t("dialog.weighting_instruction"))
+        instruction.setWordWrap(True)
+        layout.addWidget(instruction)
+        
+        grid = QtWidgets.QGridLayout()
+        grid.setSpacing(10)
+        
+        self.inputs: Dict[str, QtWidgets.QSpinBox] = {}
+        specs = [
+            ("match_all", "dialog.weight_match_all"),
+            ("match_keep", "dialog.weight_match_keep"),
+            ("brightness", "dialog.weight_brightness"),
+            ("grouping", "dialog.weight_grouping"),
+        ]
+        
+        for i, (key, label_key) in enumerate(specs):
+            label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self._t(label_key))
+            spin = QtWidgets.QSpinBox()
+            spin.setRange(0, 100)
+            spin.setSuffix("%")
+            spin.setValue(current_weights.get(key, 0))
+            spin.valueChanged.connect(self._update_total)
+            grid.addWidget(label, i, 0)
+            grid.addWidget(spin, i, 1)
+            self.inputs[key] = spin
+            
+        layout.addLayout(grid)
+        
+        self.total_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(f"{self._t('dialog.total_weight')} 100%")
+        self.total_label.setStyleSheet("font-weight: bold;")
+        layout.addWidget(self.total_label)
+        
+        self.prefer_dark_cb = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(self._t("toolbar.prefer_dark"))
+        self.prefer_dark_cb.setChecked(prefer_dark)
+        layout.addWidget(self.prefer_dark_cb)
+        
+        buttons = QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok | QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Cancel)
+        buttons.accepted.connect(self._validate_and_accept)
+        buttons.rejected.connect(self.reject)
+        self.ok_button = buttons.button(QtWidgets.QDialogButtonBox.Ok)
+        layout.addWidget(buttons)
+        
+        self._update_total()
+
+    def _update_total(self) -> None:
+        total = sum(s.value() for s in self.inputs.values())
+        self.total_label.setText(f"{self._t('dialog.total_weight')} {total}%")
+        if total == 100:
+            self.total_label.setStyleSheet("color: #34c759; font-weight: bold;")
+            self.ok_button.setEnabled(True)
+        else:
+            self.total_label.setStyleSheet("color: #ff3b30; font-weight: bold;")
+            self.ok_button.setEnabled(False)
+
+    def _validate_and_accept(self) -> None:
+        total = sum(s.value() for s in self.inputs.values())
+        if total != 100:
+            QtWidgets.QMessageBox.warning(self, self._t("dialog.error_title"), self._t("dialog.weight_error", total=total))
+            return
+        self.accept()
+
+    def get_values(self) -> Tuple[Dict[str, int], bool]:
+        weights = {k: s.value() for k, s in self.inputs.items()}
+        return weights, self.prefer_dark_cb.isChecked()
+
+
 class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
     """Main application window containing all controls."""
 
-    def __init__(self, language: str, defaults: dict, reset_exclusions: bool, overlay_color: str | None = None) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, language: str, defaults: dict, reset_exclusions: bool, overlay_color: str | None = None, exclude_bg_color: str | None = None, exclude_bg_tolerance: int = 5) -> None:
         super().__init__()
         self.init_i18n(language)
         self.setWindowTitle(self._t("app.title"))
@@ -539,6 +618,8 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         self.processor.reset_exclusions_on_switch = reset_exclusions
         # Always use red for the overlay regardless of the target color
         self.processor.set_overlay_color(DEFAULT_OVERLAY_HEX)
+        if exclude_bg_color:
+            self.processor.set_exclude_bg_color(exclude_bg_color, tolerance=exclude_bg_tolerance)
 
         self.content_layout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.content)
         self.content_layout.setContentsMargins(24, 0, 24, 24)
@@ -654,6 +735,13 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         self.prefer_dark_action.setChecked(False)
         self.prefer_dark_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self._invoke_action("toggle_prefer_dark"))
         view_menu.addAction(self.prefer_dark_action)
+        
+        self.exclude_bg_action = QtGui.QAction("🖼 " + self._t("toolbar.exclude_bg", color=self.processor.exclude_bg_color_hex), self)
+        self.exclude_bg_action.setCheckable(True)
+        self.exclude_bg_action.setChecked(True)
+        self.exclude_bg_action.triggered.connect(lambda: self._invoke_action("toggle_exclude_bg"))
+        view_menu.addAction(self.exclude_bg_action)
+        
         view_menu.addSeparator()
         view_menu.addAction("📁 " + self._t("toolbar.open_app_folder"), lambda: self._invoke_action("open_app_folder"))
 
@@ -688,7 +776,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         swatch_container.setSpacing(8)
         self.swatch_buttons: List[ColorSwatch] = []
         for name_key, hex_code in PRESET_COLORS:
-            swatch = ColorSwatch(self._t(name_key), hex_code, self._update_color_display)
+            swatch = ColorSwatch(self._t(name_key), hex_code, lambda h, l: self._update_color_display(h, l, update_range=True))
             swatch_container.addWidget(swatch)
             self.swatch_buttons.append(swatch)
         layout.addLayout(swatch_container)
@@ -805,6 +893,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             "reset_sliders": self._reset_sliders,
             "toggle_theme": self.toggle_theme,
             "toggle_prefer_dark": self.toggle_prefer_dark,
+            "toggle_exclude_bg": self.toggle_exclude_bg,
             "open_app_folder": self.open_app_folder,
             "show_previous_image": self.show_previous_image,
             "show_next_image": self.show_next_image,
@@ -855,7 +944,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
 
     def open_image(self) -> None:
         filters = "Images (*.png *.jpg *.jpeg *.bmp *.webp)"
-        default_dir = str(Path("images").absolute()) if Path("images").exists() else ""
+        default_dir = str(Path("analyses").absolute()) if Path("analyses").exists() else ""
         path_str, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self, self._t("dialog.open_image_title"), default_dir, filters)
         if not path_str:
             return
@@ -872,7 +961,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         self._refresh_views()
 
     def open_folder(self) -> None:
-        default_dir = str(Path("images").absolute()) if Path("images").exists() else ""
+        default_dir = str(Path("analyses").absolute()) if Path("analyses").exists() else ""
         directory = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getExistingDirectory(self, self._t("dialog.open_folder_title"), default_dir)
         if not directory:
             return
@@ -894,20 +983,28 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
 
     def export_settings(self) -> None:
         item_name = ""
+        default_dir = Path("analyses").absolute() if Path("analyses").exists() else Path()
+        
         if self._current_image_path:
-            # Try to get folder name first, otherwise file name
+            if self._current_image_path.parent.name == "images":
-            if self._current_image_path.parent.name and self._current_image_path.parent.name != "images":
+                root_dir = self._current_image_path.parent.parent
-                item_name = self._current_image_path.parent.name
+                item_name = root_dir.name
+                default_dir = root_dir / "settings"
+            elif self._current_image_path.parent.name and self._current_image_path.parent.name != "images":
+                root_dir = self._current_image_path.parent
+                item_name = root_dir.name
+                default_dir = root_dir / "settings"
             else:
                 item_name = self._current_image_path.stem
+                default_dir = self._current_image_path.parent / "settings"
                 
+        default_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
         default_filename = f"icra_settings_{item_name}.json" if item_name else "icra_settings.json"
         
-        default_dir = str(Path("images").absolute()) if Path("images").exists() else ""
         path_str, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(
             self, 
             self._t("dialog.export_settings_title"),
-            str(Path(default_dir) / default_filename),
+            str(default_dir / default_filename),
             self._t("dialog.json_filter")
         )
         if not path_str:
@@ -917,9 +1014,12 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             "hue_min": self.processor.hue_min,
             "hue_max": self.processor.hue_max,
             "sat_min": self.processor.sat_min,
+            "sat_max": self.processor.sat_max,
             "val_min": self.processor.val_min,
             "val_max": self.processor.val_max,
             "alpha": self.processor.alpha,
+            "prefer_dark": self.processor.prefer_dark,
+            "weights": self.processor.weights,
             "current_color": self._current_color,
             "exclude_ref_size": self.processor.exclude_ref_size,
             "shapes": self.image_view.shapes
@@ -933,11 +1033,25 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             QtWidgets.QMessageBox.warning(self, self._t("dialog.error_title"), str(e))
 
     def import_settings(self) -> None:
-        default_dir = str(Path("images").absolute()) if Path("images").exists() else ""
+        default_dir = Path("analyses").absolute() if Path("analyses").exists() else Path()
+        
+        if self._current_image_path:
+            if self._current_image_path.parent.name == "images":
+                root_dir = self._current_image_path.parent.parent
+                default_dir = root_dir / "settings"
+            elif self._current_image_path.parent.name and self._current_image_path.parent.name != "images":
+                root_dir = self._current_image_path.parent
+                default_dir = root_dir / "settings"
+            else:
+                default_dir = self._current_image_path.parent / "settings"
+
+        if not default_dir.exists():
+            default_dir = Path("analyses").absolute() if Path("analyses").exists() else Path()
+
         path_str, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(
             self,
             self._t("dialog.import_settings_title"),
-            default_dir,
+            str(default_dir),
             self._t("dialog.json_filter")
         )
         if not path_str:
@@ -954,10 +1068,12 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
                 self._update_color_display(self._current_color, self._t("palette.current"))
             
             # 2. Apply slider values
-            keys = ["hue_min", "hue_max", "sat_min", "val_min", "val_max", "alpha"]
+            keys = ["hue_min", "hue_max", "sat_min", "sat_max", "val_min", "val_max", "alpha"]
             for key in keys:
                 if key in settings:
                     setattr(self.processor, key, settings[key])
+                else:
+                    setattr(self.processor, key, self.processor.defaults.get(key, 0))
             
             # 3. Apply shapes and reference size
             ref_size = None
@@ -972,6 +1088,13 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
                 if self.processor.preview_img:
                     self.processor._rebuild_overlay()
             
+            if "prefer_dark" in settings:
+                self.processor.prefer_dark = bool(settings["prefer_dark"])
+                self.prefer_dark_action.setChecked(self.processor.prefer_dark)
+
+            if "weights" in settings:
+                self.processor.weights = settings["weights"]
+
             self._sync_sliders_from_processor()
             self._refresh_views()
             self.status_label.setText(self._t("status.settings_imported"))
@@ -985,24 +1108,46 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             return
 
         folder_path = self.processor.preview_paths[0].parent
-        default_filename = f"icra_stats_{folder_path.name}.csv"
+        
+        if folder_path.name == "images":
+            root_dir = folder_path.parent
+            item_name = root_dir.name
+        else:
+            root_dir = folder_path
+            item_name = root_dir.name
+            
+        target_dir = root_dir / "results"
+        target_dir.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+        default_filename = f"icra_results_{item_name}.csv" if item_name else "icra_results.csv"
         
         csv_path, _ = QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getSaveFileName(
             self,
             self._t("dialog.export_stats_title"),
-            str(folder_path / default_filename),
+            str(target_dir / default_filename),
             self._t("dialog.csv_filter")
         )
         if not csv_path:
             return
 
+        # Show weighting dialog
+        diag = WeightingDialog(self, self._t, self.processor.weights, self.processor.prefer_dark)
+        if diag.exec() != QtWidgets.QDialog.Accepted:
+            return
+        
+        new_weights, new_prefer_dark = diag.get_values()
+        self.processor.weights = new_weights
+        self.processor.prefer_dark = new_prefer_dark
+        # Update UI state
+        self.prefer_dark_action.setChecked(new_prefer_dark)
+        self._refresh_overlay_only()
+
         total = len(self.processor.preview_paths)
         
         # Hardcoded to EU format as requested: ; delimiter, , decimal
         delimiter = ";"
         decimal = ","
 
-        brightness_col = "Darkness Score" if self.processor.prefer_dark else "Brightness Score"
+        brightness_col = self._t("stats.darkness_label") if self.processor.prefer_dark else self._t("stats.brightness_label")
         headers = [
             "Filename",
             "Color",
@@ -1010,6 +1155,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             "Matching Pixels w/ Exclusions",
             "Excluded Pixels",
             brightness_col,
+            self._t("stats.grouping_label"),
             "Composite Score"
         ]
         rows = [headers]
@@ -1027,7 +1173,8 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
                 pct_keep_str = f"{pct_keep:.2f}".replace(".", decimal)
                 pct_excl_str = f"{pct_excl:.2f}".replace(".", decimal)
                 brightness_str = f"{s.effective_brightness:.2f}".replace(".", decimal)
-                composite_str = f"{s.composite_score:.2f}".replace(".", decimal)
+                grouping_str = f"{s.grouping_score:.2f}".replace(".", decimal)
+                composite_str = f"{s.composite_score(self.processor.weights):.2f}".replace(".", decimal)
 
                 img.close()
                 return [
@@ -1037,10 +1184,11 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
                     pct_keep_str,
                     pct_excl_str,
                     brightness_str,
+                    grouping_str,
                     composite_str
                 ]
             except Exception:
-                return [img_path.name, self._current_color, "Error", "Error", "Error", "Error", "Error"]
+                return [img_path.name, self._current_color, "Error", "Error", "Error", "Error", "Error", "Error"]
 
         results = [None] * total
         with concurrent.futures.ThreadPoolExecutor() as executor:
@@ -1099,14 +1247,42 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
 
     # Helpers ----------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def _update_color_display(self, hex_code: str, label: str) -> None:
+    def _update_color_display(self, hex_code: str, label: str, update_range: bool = False) -> None:
         self._current_color = hex_code
         self.current_color_swatch.setStyleSheet(f"background-color: {hex_code}; border-radius: 6px;")
         self.current_color_label.setText(f"({hex_code})")
-        # Do NOT call self.processor.set_overlay_color here to keep overlay RED
         if label:
             self.status_label.setText(f"{label}: {hex_code}")
 
+        if update_range:
+            # Convert hex to HSV and update sliders/thresholds
+            qcolor = QtGui.QColor(hex_code)
+            h, s, v, _ = qcolor.getHsv()
+            # QColor H is 0-359 or -1 for grayscale, S/V/A are 0-255
+            hue = h if h >= 0 else 0
+            sat_pct = (s / 255.0) * 100.0
+            val_pct = (v / 255.0) * 100.0
+
+            margin = 15
+            hue_min = max(0, int(hue) - margin)
+            hue_max = min(360, int(hue) + margin)
+            sat_min = max(0, int(sat_pct) - 20)
+            sat_max = min(100, int(sat_pct) + 20)
+            val_min = max(0, int(val_pct) - 30)
+            val_max = 100
+
+            for attr, val_score in [
+                ("hue_min", hue_min), ("hue_max", hue_max),
+                ("sat_min", sat_min), ("sat_max", sat_max),
+                ("val_min", val_min), ("val_max", val_max),
+            ]:
+                ctrl = self._slider_controls.get(attr)
+                if ctrl:
+                    # set_value on SliderControl blocks signals, so we set processor manually
+                    ctrl.set_value(val_score)
+                self.processor.set_threshold(attr, val_score)
+            self._refresh_overlay_only()
+
     def _on_slider_change(self, key: str, value: int) -> None:
         self.processor.set_threshold(key, value)
         label = self._slider_title(key)
@@ -1123,13 +1299,6 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         self.status_label.setText(self._t("status.defaults_restored"))
         self._refresh_overlay_only()
 
-    def _coming_soon(self) -> None:
-        QtWidgets.QMessageBox.information(
-            self,
-            self._t("dialog.info_title"),
-            "Feature coming soon in the PySide6 migration.",
-        )
-
     # Shortcuts --------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _setup_shortcuts(self) -> None:
@@ -1177,13 +1346,15 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         margin = 15
         hue_min = max(0, int(hue) - margin)
         hue_max = min(360, int(hue) + margin)
+        # For a picked color, give a window of ±20% for saturation and -30% for value
         sat_min = max(0, int(sat) - 20)
+        sat_max = min(100, int(sat) + 20)
         val_min = max(0, int(val) - 30)
         val_max = 100
 
         for attr, value in [
             ("hue_min", hue_min), ("hue_max", hue_max),
-            ("sat_min", sat_min), ("val_min", val_min), ("val_max", val_max),
+            ("sat_min", sat_min), ("sat_max", sat_max), ("val_min", val_min), ("val_max", val_max),
         ]:
             ctrl = self._slider_controls.get(attr)
             if ctrl:
@@ -1259,7 +1430,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
         if not color.isValid():
             return
         hex_code = color.name()
-        self._update_color_display(hex_code, self._t("dialog.choose_color_title"))
+        self._update_color_display(hex_code, self._t("dialog.choose_color_title"), update_range=True)
 
     def save_overlay(self) -> None:
         pixmap = self.processor.overlay_pixmap()
@@ -1293,6 +1464,15 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             self.processor._rebuild_overlay()
             self._refresh_overlay_only()
 
+    def toggle_exclude_bg(self) -> None:
+        self.processor.exclude_bg = not self.processor.exclude_bg
+        self.exclude_bg_action.setChecked(self.processor.exclude_bg)
+        if self._current_image_path:
+            # Re-scale/re-apply transparency
+            self.processor._build_preview()
+            self.processor._rebuild_overlay()
+            self._refresh_views()
+
     def clear_exclusions(self) -> None:
         self.image_view.clear_shapes()
         self.processor.set_exclusions([])
@@ -1445,7 +1625,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             # Update prefix translation correctly
             prefix = self._t("status.loaded", name="X", dimensions="Y", position="Z").split("X")[0]
             self.filename_prefix_label.setText(prefix)
-        self.ratio_label.setText(self.processor.stats.summary(self._t))
+        self.ratio_label.setText(self.processor.stats.summary(self._t, self.processor.weights))
 
     def _refresh_overlay_only(self) -> None:
         if self.processor.preview_img is None:
@@ -1455,7 +1635,7 @@ class MainWindow(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, I18nMixin):
             self.overlay_view.clear_canvas()
         else:
             self.overlay_view.set_pixmap(self._overlay_with_outlines(pix))
-        self.ratio_label.setText(self.processor.stats.summary(self._t))
+        self.ratio_label.setText(self.processor.stats.summary(self._t, self.processor.weights))
 
     def _on_shapes_changed(self, shapes: list[dict[str, object]]) -> None:
         self.processor.set_exclusions(shapes)

app/qt/pattern_puller.py

@@ -30,17 +30,32 @@ class PatternDownloadWorker(QtCore.QThread):
         filename = self.save_dir / f"{seed}.png"
 
         if filename.exists():
+            try:
+                from PIL import Image
+                with Image.open(filename) as img:
+                    img.verify()
                 return True, None
+            except Exception:
+                filename.unlink(missing_ok=True)
 
         try:
             req = urllib.request.Request(url, headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 ICRA/1.0'})
             with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=10) as response:
                 with open(filename, 'wb') as f:
                     f.write(response.read())
+            
+            try:
+                from PIL import Image
+                with Image.open(filename) as img:
+                    img.verify()
                 return True, None
+            except Exception:
+                filename.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+                return False, "Downloaded file is invalid/corrupt"
         except urllib.error.HTTPError as e:
             return False, f"HTTP {e.code}"
         except Exception as e:
+            filename.unlink(missing_ok=True)
             return False, f"Network error: {e}"
 
     def run(self) -> None:
@@ -140,7 +155,7 @@ class PatternPullerDialog(QtWidgets.QDialog, I18nMixin):
             QtWidgets.QMessageBox.warning(self, "Error", self._t("dialog.puller_invalid_url", default="Invalid URL format."))
             return
 
-        save_dir = Path("images") / slug
+        save_dir = Path("analyses") / slug / "images"
 
         self.start_btn.setEnabled(False)
         self.url_input.setEnabled(False)

config.toml

@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@ language = "en"
 reset_exclusions_on_image_change = false
 # Hex color code for the match overlay (e.g. "#ff0000" for Red, "#00ff00" for Green)
 overlay_color = "#ff0000"
+# Hex color code for the background to be excluded (default #1f2937)
+exclude_bg_color = "#1f2937"
+# Tolerance for background color matching (0-255, default 5)
+exclude_bg_tolerance = 5
 
 [defaults]
 # Override any of the following keys to tweak the initial slider values:
@@ -15,6 +19,7 @@ overlay_color = "#ff0000"
 hue_min = 250.0
 hue_max = 310.0
 sat_min = 15.0
+sat_max = 100.0
 val_min = 15.0
 val_max = 100.0
-alpha = 120
+alpha = 150

pyproject.toml

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ version = "0.1.0"
 description = "Interactive Color Range Analyzer (ICRA) desktop app (PySide6)"
 readme = "README.md"
 authors = [{ name = "ICRA contributors" }]
-license = "MIT"
+license = "GPL-3.0-only"
 requires-python = ">=3.10"
 dependencies = [
     "numpy>=1.26",

tests/test_file_paths.py

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+import pytest
+from pathlib import Path
+from unittest.mock import MagicMock, patch
+
+from PySide6 import QtWidgets
+from app.qt.main_window import MainWindow
+from app.qt.pattern_puller import PatternDownloadWorker
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def qt_app():
+    from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication
+    import sys
+    app = QApplication.instance()
+    if app is None:
+        app = QApplication(sys.argv)
+    yield app
+
+
+def test_export_settings_path_generation(qt_app, tmp_path):
+    mock_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
+    mock_widget.title_label = MagicMock()
+    mock_widget.apply_theme = MagicMock()
+    with patch('app.qt.main_window.TitleBar', return_value=mock_widget):
+        window = MainWindow(language="en", defaults={}, reset_exclusions=False)
+    
+    with patch("PySide6.QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getSaveFileName", return_value=("", "")) as mock_get_save:
+        
+        # Test case 1: New subfolder structure (analyses/m4a1-s/images/1.png)
+        root = tmp_path / "analyses" / "m4a1_s"
+        img_dir = root / "images"
+        img_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+        img_path = img_dir / "1.png"
+        
+        window._current_image_path = img_path
+        window.export_settings()
+        
+        # Verify settings directory was created
+        assert (root / "settings").exists()
+        
+        # Verify default path given to QFileDialog
+        args, kwargs = mock_get_save.call_args
+        # args[2] is the default path string
+        expected_path = str(root / "settings" / "icra_settings_m4a1_s.json")
+        assert args[2] == expected_path
+
+
+def test_export_folder_path_generation(qt_app, tmp_path):
+    mock_widget = QtWidgets.QWidget()
+    mock_widget.title_label = MagicMock()
+    mock_widget.apply_theme = MagicMock()
+    with patch('app.qt.main_window.TitleBar', return_value=mock_widget):
+        window = MainWindow(language="en", defaults={}, reset_exclusions=False)
+
+    with patch("PySide6.QtWidgets.QFileDialog.getSaveFileName", return_value=("", "")) as mock_get_save:
+        # Mock processor paths
+        root = tmp_path / "analyses" / "m4a1_s"
+        img_dir = root / "images"
+        img_dir.mkdir(parents=True)
+        window.processor.preview_paths = [img_dir / "1.png"]
+        
+        window.export_folder()
+        
+        assert (root / "results").exists()
+        args, kwargs = mock_get_save.call_args
+        expected_path = str(root / "results" / "icra_results_m4a1_s.csv")
+        assert args[2] == expected_path
+
+
+def test_pattern_download_worker_dir(tmp_path):
+    worker = PatternDownloadWorker(slug="test-slug", save_dir=tmp_path / "analyses" / "test-slug" / "images")
+    assert worker.save_dir == tmp_path / "analyses" / "test-slug" / "images"

tests/test_image_processor.py

@@ -12,22 +12,24 @@ def test_stats_summary():
         matches_excl=10, total_excl=20
     )
     
-    # Mock translator
     def mock_t(key, **kwargs):
         if key == "stats.placeholder":
             return "Placeholder"
-        return f"{kwargs['with_pct']:.1f} {kwargs['without_pct']:.1f} {kwargs['excluded_pct']:.1f} {kwargs['excluded_match_pct']:.1f}"
+        if not kwargs:
+            return key
+        return f"{kwargs['with_pct']:.1f} {kwargs['without_pct']:.1f} {kwargs['excluded_pct']:.1f}"
 
-    res = s.summary(mock_t)
+    weights = {"match_all": 30, "match_keep": 50, "brightness": 10, "grouping": 10}
+    res = s.summary(mock_t, weights)
     # with_pct: 40/80 = 50.0
     # without_pct: 50/100 = 50.0
     # excluded_pct: 20/100 = 20.0
-    # excluded_match_pct: 10/20 = 50.0
+    assert res == "50.0 50.0 20.0"
-    assert res == "50.0 50.0 20.0 50.0"
 
 def test_stats_empty():
     s = Stats()
-    assert s.summary(lambda k, **kw: "Empty") == "Empty"
+    weights = {"match_all": 30, "match_keep": 50, "brightness": 10, "grouping": 10}
+    assert s.summary(lambda k, **kw: "Empty", weights) == "Empty"
 
 
 def test_rgb_to_hsv_numpy():
@@ -121,3 +123,35 @@ def test_coordinate_scaling():
     assert s_large.total_all == 1000000
     assert s_large.total_keep == 500000
     assert s_large.total_excl == 500000
+
+def test_calculate_grouping_score():
+    proc = QtImageProcessor()
+    
+    # 1. Empty mask
+    mask_empty = np.zeros((20, 20), dtype=bool)
+    assert proc._calculate_grouping_score(mask_empty) == 0.0
+    
+    # 2. Single mask pixel (0 neighbors)
+    mask_single = np.zeros((20, 20), dtype=bool)
+    mask_single[10, 10] = True
+    assert proc._calculate_grouping_score(mask_single) == 0.0
+    
+    # 3. 2x2 block
+    # each pixel in 2x2 has 3 neighbors in 3x3, 3 neighbors in 5x5, 3 neighbors in 9x9.
+    # score = ((3/80)^2) * 100
+    expected_2x2 = ((3/80.0)**2) * 100.0
+    mask_block = np.zeros((20, 20), dtype=bool)
+    mask_block[10:12, 10:12] = True
+    assert pytest.approx(proc._calculate_grouping_score(mask_block)) == expected_2x2
+    
+    # 4. 9x9 block
+    # center pixel has 80 neighbors (100% density).
+    # many pixels have high density.
+    mask_9x9 = np.zeros((20, 20), dtype=bool)
+    mask_9x9[5:14, 5:14] = True
+    res_9x9 = proc._calculate_grouping_score(mask_9x9)
+    assert res_9x9 > expected_2x2
+    # For a 9x9 block, the center pixel is 100%. Boundary pixels are less.
+    # 1 center pixel = 80/80 = 1.0. 
+    # Overall it should be a healthy percentage.
+    assert res_9x9 > 10.0 # significant grouping